The Science of Space weather Observations at L1 to Advance Readiness

The Space weather Observations at L1 to Advance Readiness (SOLAR) project will launch a set of observatories to provide measurements in four foundational and integral observations: Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) imagery, solar wind, magnetic field, and solar X-ray irradiance. Each observatory will include a solar coronagraph, a solar wind plasma instrument, a magnetometer, a solar X-ray irradiance sensor, a suprathermal ion sensor, and the accommodations for a partner contributed instrument. These instruments will provide continuity of measurements from SOLAR-1 (previously SWFO-L1). Here we discuss the necessity of these measurements and the scientific advancement that these measurements provide.