Dr. John M. Toole

The physics of ocean mixing including the nature of finescale and microscale velocity, temperature and salinity fluctuations and the relationships between them. Polar oceanography and upper-ocean/sea ice interactions, Seasonal to multi-decadal variability of ocean water properties, stratification and circulation, ocean time-series stations. Global oceanic heat and fresh water budgets, water mass formation and circulation. Low-latitude ocean circulation, El Niňo. Oceanographic instrument development.